Kakaretso ea kristale oscillator
Crystal oscillator e bolela sephaphatha se sehiloeng ho kristale ea quartz ho latela Azimuth Angle e itseng, quartz crystal resonator, e bitsoang kristale ea quartz kapa kristale oscillator;Karolo ea kristale e nang le IC e kentsoeng ka har'a sephutheloana e bitsoa crystal oscillator.Lihlahisoa tsa eona ka kakaretso li phuthetsoe ka mekotleng ea tšepe, empa hape le ka mekotleng ea likhalase, lirafshoa kapa polasetiki.
Molao-motheo o sebetsang oa kristale oscillator
Quartz crystal oscillator ke sesebelisoa se resonant se entsoeng ka phello ea piezoelectric ea kristale ea quartz.Sebopeho sa eona sa motheo se batla se le ka tsela e latelang: Ho tloha kristale ea quartz ho ea ka selae se itseng sa azimuth, se koahetsoeng ka lesela la silevera holim'a libaka tsa eona tse peli tse tšoanang e le li-electrode, terata e entsoeng ka pele holim'a electrode e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e hokahane le phini, e kopantsoe le khetla ea sephutheloana e entsoeng. resonator ea kristale ea quartz, e bitsoang kristale ea quartz kapa kristale, ho sisinyeha ha kristale.Lihlahisoa tsa eona ka kakaretso li phuthetsoe ka mekotleng ea tšepe, empa hape le ka mekotleng ea likhalase, lirafshoa kapa polasetiki.
Haeba sebaka sa motlakase se sebelisoa ho li-electrode tse peli tsa kristale ea quartz, chip e senyeha ka mokhoa oa mochini.Ka lehlakoreng le leng, haeba khatello ea mochine e sebelisoa mahlakoreng ka bobeli a chip, tšimo ea motlakase e tla hlahisoa ka tsela e lumellanang le chip.Ketsahalo ena ea 'mele e bitsoa piezoelectric effect.Haeba li-voltage tse ling li sebelisoa lipalong tse peli tsa chip, chip e tla hlahisa li-vibrations tsa mochini, tse tla hlahisa masimo a motlakase a fapanyetsanang.
Ka kakaretso, amplitude ea mochine o sisinyehang oa chip le amplitude ea tšimo ea motlakase e fapanyetsanang e nyane haholo, empa ha maqhubu a motlakase o sebelisoang ke boleng bo itseng, amplitude e eketseha haholo, e kholo haholo ho feta ea maqhubu a mang. , ketsahalo ena e bitsoa piezoelectric resonance, e tšoanang haholo le resonance ea potoloho ea LC.Maqhubu a eona a resonant a amana le mokhoa oa ho itšeha, geometry le boholo ba chip.
Ha kristale e sa sisinyehe, e ka nkoa e le capacitor e bataletseng e bitsoang electrostatic capacitance C, 'me boholo ba eona bo amana le boholo ba geometri ea chip le sebaka sa electrode, hangata e ka ba mokhoa o fokolang oa letlalo ho ea ho mekhoa e mengata ea letlalo. .Ha kristale e oscillates, inertia ea mochine o sisinyehang o lekana le inductance L. Ka kakaretso, litekanyetso tsa L li tloha ho mashome ho ea ho likhato tse makholo.Elasticity ea chip e ka lekana le capacitance C, e nyane haholo, hangata ke 0.0002 ~ 0.1 picograms feela.Tahlehelo e bakiloeng ke likhohlano nakong ea ho thothomela ha wafer e lekana le R, e nang le boleng bo ka bang 100 ohms.Hobane inductance e lekanang ea chip e kholo haholo, 'me C e nyenyane haholo, R e boetse e nyenyane, kahoo boleng ba boleng ba Q ba potoloho bo boholo haholo, ho fihlela ho 1000 ~ 10000. Ho phaella moo, maqhubu a resonant a chip ka boeona. ha e le hantle e amana feela le mokhoa oa ho itšeha, geometry le boholo ba chip, 'me e ka etsoa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng, kahoo potoloho ea oscillator e entsoeng ka li-resonator tsa quartz e ka fumana botsitso bo phahameng ba maqhubu.
Lik'homphieutha li na le potoloho ea nako, 'me le hoja lentsoe "clock" le atisa ho sebelisoa ho bolela lisebelisoa tsena, ha e le hantle hase lioache ka tsela e tloaelehileng.Li ka bitsoa hantle li-timers.Sebali sa nako ea komporo hangata ke kristale ea quartz e entsoeng hantle e tsamaeang ka har'a meeli ea eona ea tsitsipano ho latela hore na kristale ka boeona e sehiloe joang le hore na e le tlas'a khatello e kae.Ho na le lirekoto tse peli tse amanang le kristale e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea quartz, counter le register ea ho ts'oara.Ho sisinyeha ka 'ngoe ha kristale ea quartz ho fokotsa k'haonta e le 'ngoe.Ha k'haontareng e fokotseha ho isa ho 0, tšitiso e hlahisoa 'me k'haontareng e khutlisa boleng ba pele ho tsoa ho registeri ea ho ts'oara.Mokhoa ona o etsa hore ho khonehe ho hlophisa sebali sa nako ho hlahisa litšitiso tse 60 motsotsoana (kapa ka makhetlo a mang a lakatsehang).Tšitiso e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e bitsoa letšoao la oache.
Ka mantsoe a motlakase, kristale oscillator e ka lekana le marang-rang a mabeli a capacitor le mohanyetsi ka ho lekana le capacitor ka letoto.Boenjiniere ba motlakase, marang-rang ana a na le lintlha tse peli tsa resonance, tse arotsoeng ka maqhubu a phahameng le a tlaase.Maqhubu a tlase ke letoto la resonance, 'me maqhubu a phahameng ke a parallel resonance.Ka lebaka la litšobotsi tsa kristale ka boeona, sebaka se pakeng tsa maqhubu a mabeli se haufi haholo.Sebakeng sena sa maqhubu a moqotetsane haholo, kristale oscillator e lekana le inductor, hafeela lipheletso tse peli tsa kristale oscillator li hokahane ka tsela e tšoanang le li-capacitor tse loketseng, e tla theha potoloho e tšoanang ea resonance.Potoloho ena e tšoanang ea resonant e ka eketsoa ho potoloho e mpe ea maikutlo ho theha potoloho ea sinusoidal oscillation.Hobane maqhubu a maqhubu a kristale oscillator a lekanang le inductance a moqotetsane haholo, maqhubu a oscillator ena a ke ke a fetoha haholo le haeba litekanyo tsa likarolo tse ling li fapana haholo.
Crystal oscillator e na le parameter ea bohlokoa, ke hore boleng ba capacitance ea mojaro, khetha capacitance e ts'oanang e lekanang le boleng ba capacitance ea mojaro, e ka fumana maqhubu a resonance a resonance ea kristale oscillator.Kakaretso ea vibration crystal oscillation circuit e lipheletsong tse fapaneng tsa amplifier e kenang e hokahantsoeng le likristale tse nang le matla a mabeli a amohelang lipheletsong tsa likristale, ka ho latellana matla a ka lehlakoreng le leng la ho amohela, bokhoni ba li-capacitor tse peli ka boleng ba letoto le lokela ho lekana. mabapi le matla a ho jara, ka kopo ela hloko lithakhisa tse akaretsang tsa IC li na le bokhoni bo lekanang ba ho kenya, sena se ka se hlokomolohuoe.Ka kakaretso, matla a matla a kristale oscillator ke letlalo la 15 kapa 12.5.Haeba matla a lekanang a ho kenya letsoho a likaroloana a nkoa, potoloho ea oscillation ea crystal oscillator e entsoeng ka li-capacitor tse peli tsa letlalo la 22 ke khetho e molemo.
Nako ea poso: Oct-20-2021